Josua (1720-1761)
- Name:
- Josua
- First name:
- Josua (baptismal name)
- Last name:
- Not recorded (birth)
- Birth date:
- 1761
- Birth place:
-
Village of Umoque, Province of Schomma, Ybo Kingdom, Africa
- Death date:
- 1761-05-10
- Death place:
-
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
- Gender:
- Male
- ML ID:
-
mlper000364
Memoir:
- Archive: Bethlehem Archives
- Shelfmark: MemBeth 0097
Josua was born in the Ybo Kingdom of Africa, in the village of Umoque, and was taken prisoner of war at the age of fourteen, sold into slavery and passed through multiple hands before arriving in New York, where in 1743 he was purchased by Brother Horsfield and through that connection came to know the Moravian Brethren. Brought to Bethlehem in 1749 and baptized on February 21, 1750, he lived and worked at Christiansbrunn as a farmer and butcher, growing through struggle and self-reflection into a tender, humble, and deeply grateful member of the Gemeine, cherishing his belonging to the congregation and longing to one day bring the Savior's mercy to his own nation. Stricken by smallpox in the spring of 1761, he bore his illness with quiet witness — urging his visiting Brethren to think on the Savior until he could speak no more — and departed on May 10 at nine o'clock in the evening, with the blessing of his Choir and his hands raised toward the Man of Suffering.
View German Transcription of Memoir
Josua 1761 Nazareth Personalia des sele. bruders Josua, Neg. Er war in Africa, im königreich Ybo, in der Provinz Schomma, in dem dorfe Umoque, wo sein Vater ein Bauer war, geboren, u., nach dort gewöhnlichem Gebrauch, am 8th Tage beschnitten worden. In seinem 14th Jahre ohngefahr wurde er in einem Kriege gefangen genommen u. als ein Sclave von einem an den andern verkauft, bis er endl. nach Guinea kam u. daselbst an einen in Jamaica wohnenden Blancken verkauft wurde, bey dem er an 6 Jahr war. Dieser sein Meister ging darauf nach Newyork u. nahm ihn dahin mit; und als selbiger nach 2 jährigem Auffenthalt daselbst aus der Zeit ging, kaufte ihn ao. 43 Br. Horsfield, der damals auf Long Island wohnte u.brauchte ihn in sn. haus geschäften. Durch diese gelegenheit wurde er mit den Brrn. bekannt, und da Br. Horsfield mit sr. Familie Ao. 1749 nach Bethlm. zog, brachte er ihn mit dahin, wo er ins L. Brr. Haus zu wohnen kam. Man sprürte gar bald eine sele. gnaden-Arbeit des H. Geistes an sm. herzen u. er verlangte sehnl. nach der h. taufe, welche ihm auch am 21ten Febr. 1750 durch den sele. Br. Cammerhof angedient wurde; u. da er auch nach in demselben Jahr zum H. A. Ml. gelangte, ging er darauf, se. Brrn. zur Freude, einen sel.n u. vergnügten Gang. Er wohnte nachher die meiste Zeit in Christiansbrunn, wurde daselbst zu allerhand Plantage-Arbeit gebraucht u. war der eigentle. Schlächter auf den obern Pläzen.
Seine manchmalige rauhe Art und Unsünderhaftigkeiten brachten ihn einige mal um den Genuß des heil.n Sacraments; er fand sich aber gleich wieder, wurde weich, kroch zu Jesu Füßen als ein Würmlien u. weinte um Vergebung; lernte auch bey der gelegenheit sich beßer kennen, das H. Geistes Arbeit u. Absicht an sm. herzen verstehen u. kam vom Vertrauen auf sich selbst immer mehr ab; sonderl. ging er die 3. lezter Jahre ss. hierseyns einen hübschen sünderhaft seln. Gnaden=Gang, war ^erkenntlich u. dankbar vor alles, was er in d. gemein genoß treu u. gehorsam in dem Anbefohlene, danckte oft mit Thränen dem heilde vor sn gnaden=Loos, bey sm Volcke und ein Glied der Gemeine zu seyn; u. bey dem zu bleiben, war sein größtes Verlangen. Auch hatte er den br. Horsfield aus der Ursache besonders lieb, weil er durch denselben mit den Brrn. bekannt u. auch in die gemeine war gebracht worden. An seine Nation war er sehr attachirt u. wünschte oft, gelegenheit zu haben, ihr etwas von der Gnade u. dem seln. Frieden den er in des Heilds Wunden gefunden, bezeugen zu können, hatte auch deswegen den Br. Andres, den Mohr, gar sehr lieb u. lebte mit ihm in einer hübschen Harmonie. Da unsern Knaben in Xtiansbrunn im Monat Mart. sich an den blattern legten, fing er auch an zu kränkeln u. vermuthete, daß er sie ebenfals kriegen u. bey der gelegenheit zum Heilde heim gehen werde. Er raffe sich wol ein u. andermal, u. nach dem H. Abdml am 11ten April, welches er mit der gemeine auf Nazareth zum lezten mal
genoß, schein er wie ganz restituirt zu seyn u. ging an seine gewöhnle Arbeit. Den 26th April aber fing sein kränckeln wieder an, u. am 28ten kamen schon die Blattern zum Vorschein. Seine krankheit war sehr heftig u. angrieffend, u. weil die Blattern nicht zur völligen reife kamen, stand er dabey vieles aus. So wenig er auch reden konnte, so bat er doch die ihn besuchenden Brr. jedesmal, seiner vor dem Heilde zu gedencken, und bezeugte; daß er sehr gerne zu Ihm ginge. Und da er gar kein Wort mehr reden konnte, und er wuste, daß sn. Stündlein nahe war, langte er nach mit aufgehobenen Händen nach dem Schmerzen Mann, der gleich bey Ihm da war u. ihn d. 10th May Abends in der 9ten Stunde ^sel. zu sich heim holte, unter einer schonen Liturgie u. sonderl. den Worten: Nun wird dein Mund erbleichen in Jesu Arm u. Schoos etc. mit dem Segen seines Chors.
View Reading Version of Memoir
Josua 1761 Nazareth Personalia des sele. bruders Josua, Neg.
He was born in Africa, in the Ybo Kingdom, in the province of Schomma, in the village of Umoque, where his father was a farmer. As was customary there, on the eighth day he was circumcised. In about his fourteenth year, he was taken prisoner of war and sold as a slave from one person to another, until he finally arrived in Guinea. There he was sold to a white man from Jamaica, with whom he stayed for six years. This man, his master, went then to New York, and took John with him. After two years in that city, John's master passed away, and, in 1743, John was bought by Brother Horsfield, who at that time lived on Long Island and needed him in his household business. Through this opportunity, he came to know the Brethren. When, in 1749, Brother Horsfield moved to Bethlehem with his family, he brought [John] there with them, and John came to live in the Single Brethren's house. One felt very quickly a blessed and merciful work of the Holy Ghost on his heart. He asked longingly for holy baptism, which the blessed Brother Cammerhof bestowed on him on February 21, 1750. In the same year, he also desired the holy Abend Mahl, and after that, he went about, to the joy of his Brethren, in a blessed and cheerful manner. He lived for the most part in Christiansbrunn, where he was used for all kinds of farm work, and was the primary butcher for the Upper Places. His occasionally coarse ways and arrogance kept him a few times from the
taste of the Holy Sacraments. He found himself again quickly, however. He was tender, crawled to Jesus' feet as a little worm and wept for forgiveness. He came to know himself better through this experience, to better understand the work and insight of the Holy Ghost on his heart, and was able to get away from trusting always in himself. In his last three years here in particular he went about in a beautiful, sinner-like, blessed, and holy manner; was grateful and thankful for all that he enjoyed in the Gemeine; faithful and obedient in what was commanded; and often thanked the Savior with tears for the blessed Lot that allowed him to be with His people and a member of the Gemeine. To remain with the Gemeine was his greatest desire. For this reason he held Brother Horsfield especially dear, because it was through him that he came to know the Brethren and was brought to the Gemeine. He was much attached to his nation, and often wished for the occasion to be able to show them something of the mercy and the holy peace that he had found in the Savior's wounds. Therefore, he also loved Brother Andreas the Mohr dearly, and lived with him in a beautiful harmony. In the month of March, when our boys were laid out with the pox, he also began to sicken and suspected that he might catch it and go to the Savior. He pulled himself together again, however, and, after Holy Abend Mahl on 11 April, which he enjoyed for the last time with the Gemeine in Nazareth, he appeared to be wholly recovered and went about his
regular work. On April 26th he began to sicken again, and on the 28th, the pox were already visible. His sickness was very fierce and aggressive, and because the pox were never fully ripe, he suffered a great deal. He could speak very little, yet always he begged the Brethren who visited him to think on the Savior, and witnessed that he went to Him with pleasure. And when he could not speak any more words, and he knew that his little hour was near, he longed for the Man of Suffering with raised hands, who was by him and took him home to Himself on May 10, at nine o'clock in the evening, with a beautiful liturgy and particularly with the words: Now the mouth [lips] will go pale in Jesus' arms and lap, etc. with the Blessing of his Choir.